Brand Strategy
Brand Positioning Framework
Complete this statement — if you can't, your positioning isn't clear enough:
For [TARGET AUDIENCE] who [NEED/SITUATION],
[BRAND] is the [CATEGORY]
that [KEY DIFFERENTIATOR]
because [REASON TO BELIEVE].
Example:
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Positioning Inputs Checklist
- Target audience defined with specificity (not "everyone")
- Category clearly named (or intentionally created)
- 1-2 differentiators that are true, relevant, AND defensible
- Proof points for each differentiator (data, patents, methodology)
- Competitive alternatives identified (including "do nothing")
See references/positioning-worksheet.md for the full exercise.
Messaging Hierarchy
Tagline (5-8 words)
├── Value Proposition 1
│ ├── Proof Point 1a
│ └── Proof Point 1b
├── Value Proposition 2
│ ├── Proof Point 2a
│ └── Proof Point 2b
└── Value Proposition 3
├── Proof Point 3a
└── Proof Point 3b
| Level | Purpose | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Tagline | Memorable, emotional hook | "Think Different" |
| Value props | Rational benefits (3 max) | "Ship 10x faster" |
| Proof points | Evidence for each value prop | "Used by 200K+ teams at Fortune 500" |
| RTBs | Why you can deliver | Patent, methodology, team expertise |
Rules:
- Tagline: emotional. Value props: rational. Don't mix them.
- 3 value propositions maximum — more dilutes the message
- Every proof point must be verifiable
- Test messaging with real prospects, not your team
See references/messaging-matrix.md for the audience × message mapping template.
Brand Voice & Tone Guide
Voice = personality (constant). Tone = mood (varies by context).
Voice Definition Template
Define your voice on 4 spectrums:
| Spectrum | Our Position | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Formal ↔ Casual | Casual but competent | "Here's the deal" not "Hereby" |
| Serious ↔ Playful | Mostly serious, wit OK | Humor in social, not in legal |
| Technical ↔ Simple | Simple with depth option | Lead simple, link to deep dives |
| Bold ↔ Humble | Confident, not arrogant | "We built X" not "We're the best" |
Tone by Context
| Context | Tone Shift | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Marketing site | Confident, aspirational | "Build something remarkable" |
| Error messages | Helpful, calm | "Something went wrong. Here's what to try." |
| Social media | Conversational, human | "Okay this feature is chef's kiss" |
| Legal/compliance | Clear, neutral | "Your data is stored in the EU" |
| Crisis comms | Direct, empathetic | "We messed up. Here's what happened." |
See references/voice-tone-guide-template.md for the full framework.
Visual Identity System
| Element | Specification | Deliverable |
|---|---|---|
| Logo | Primary, secondary, icon, monochrome | SVG + PNG at standard sizes |
| Color palette | Primary, secondary, neutral, semantic | Hex, RGB, HSL, CMYK values |
| Typography | Headings, body, mono, display | Font files + usage rules |
| Imagery | Photography style, illustration style | Mood board + do/don't examples |
| Iconography | Style, stroke weight, grid | Icon library + creation rules |
| Spacing/grid | Base unit, layout grid | Design tokens or spec sheet |
Color palette structure:
- Primary: 1-2 brand colors (used for CTAs, key elements)
- Secondary: 2-3 supporting colors
- Neutrals: 4-5 grays from near-white to near-black
- Semantic: Success, warning, error, info
See references/visual-identity-checklist.md for the complete audit list.
Brand Audit Methodology
Run annually or before major repositioning.
- Internal audit: Survey employees on brand perception, review all touchpoints
- External audit: Customer interviews (10-15), prospect surveys, social listening
- Competitive audit: Map competitors on key perception dimensions
- Touchpoint inventory: List every place the brand appears, score consistency
- Gap analysis: Internal perception vs external perception vs desired perception
Competitive Positioning Map
Plot brands on a 2×2 matrix using the two dimensions that matter most to your audience:
High Price
│
Premium │ Luxury
Niche │ Established
│
Low ────────┼──────── High
Innovation │ Trust
│
Disruptor │ Value
Challenger│ Incumbent
│
Low Price
Pick axes that reveal whitespace. Common pairs: price/quality, innovation/trust, simple/powerful.
Brand Architecture
| Model | Structure | Example | Best When |
|---|---|---|---|
| Branded house | Master brand drives all | Google, Virgin | Strong parent, related offerings |
| House of brands | Independent brands | P&G, Unilever | Diverse categories, M&A strategy |
| Endorsed | Sub-brands + parent endorsement | Marriott Bonvoy, Courtyard by Marriott | Credibility transfer needed |
| Hybrid | Mix of above | Amazon (AWS, Alexa, Whole Foods) | Large portfolio, some overlap |
Decision criteria:
- How related are the offerings? → Related = branded house
- Does the parent brand help or hurt? → Helps = endorsement
- Different audiences entirely? → House of brands
- Need to acquire and keep separate? → House of brands
Naming Strategy
Name types:
| Type | Example | Pros | Cons |
|---|---|---|---|
| Descriptive | General Motors | Instant clarity | Hard to trademark, boring |
| Invented | Spotify | Highly ownable | Requires education spend |
| Metaphor | Amazon | Evocative, memorable | Can feel random |
| Acronym | IBM | Short, professional | Meaningless until established |
| Founder | Goldman Sachs | Heritage, trust | Succession risk |
Naming checklist:
- Domain available (.com or acceptable alternative)
- Trademark search clear in target markets
- No negative meanings in key languages
- Pronounceable by target audience
- Social handles available (or acquirable)
- Passes the "phone test" (say it, can they spell it?)
Brand Story Framework
1. ORIGIN: Why we started (the problem we couldn't ignore)
2. MISSION: What we do and for whom (present tense)
3. VISION: The world we're building toward (future tense)
4. VALUES: How we operate (3-5, actionable not generic)
5. PROOF: Evidence we're living this (metrics, stories, milestones)
Values anti-patterns: "Innovation," "Integrity," "Excellence" — if every company claims it, it's not a differentiator. Make values specific and behavioral: "Ship before it's comfortable" > "Innovation."
Brand Guidelines Document Structure
1. Brand Overview (positioning, story, values)
2. Logo Usage (versions, spacing, minimum size, misuse examples)
3. Color System (palettes, accessibility ratios, usage rules)
4. Typography (typefaces, hierarchy, sizing scale)
5. Imagery & Illustration (style, dos and don'ts)
6. Voice & Tone (guide + examples by context)
7. Layout & Grid (spacing system, templates)
8. Digital Applications (web, email, social templates)
9. Print Applications (business cards, signage, swag)
10. Co-branding Rules (partner lockups, minimum requirements)
See references/brand-guidelines-template.md for a starter document.